Information about Internet
Internet is the largest network of computers in the world and it has millions of computers connected to each other to share the information.
These computers are connected through satellites and cables. Let us know the basic requirements of the internet.
Father of Internet was Vinton Grey.
Father of Internet was Vinton Grey.
Requirements of Internet
To connect to the Internet, we need the following equipment:Multimedia Computer System
The basic requirement to use the Internet is that we must have a computer system with some additional components like speakers, headphone, etc., which make it a multimedia Computer System.
Telephone Line
A telephone line us used to connect the computers to network connection. We can use the same telephone line, which we use to make calls to our friends, to connect to the Internet.
Modem
Modem
A Modem is an instrument attached between a Computer and a telephone. It allows us to connect and communicate with other computers through the telephone lines.
Internet Connection
Internet connections are provided by Internet Service Providers (ISPs). These companies allow us to use internet at appropriate charges. Some of the ISPs in India are:
- Tata Indicom Broadband
- MTNL (Mahanager Telephone Nigam Limited)
- Sify
- Airtel
Uses of Internet short information
Instantly Communication
Internet provides a facility called Chatting.With this, people using the Internet, can communicate with each other, anywhere in the world.
Sending and Receiving Messages
Using the Email facility, Message can be send or received from anyone connected through the Internet.
Finding Information
Internet Provides information on almost each and every topic.
Advertising about Products
Purchasing Products
Listening Songs and Watching Movies
Internet has a wide collection of songs and moves, which can be listened and downloaded too.
Playing Games
Internet also provides a wide varietyof games.
Important Terms of Internet
Web pages
These are electronic pages which collectively form a website. These pages contain text, graphics, audio, video and links to users.
Website
Each website has a unique address.
Web Server
Web server is a computer that store webpages and associated files of a website.
WWW
Stands for World Wide Web. It is a collection of websites allow over the world.
Home Page
The first page of each website is known as Home page. It contains links to take the viewer to the other pages of the website.
Web Browser
A web browser is an application software which is used to connect to the Internet to access information from a web server. A web browser displays web pages. Some popular web browsers are:
Browsing the Internet
To access Internet follow these steps:
1. Open the browser (Internet Explorer or any other browser) by double clicking on the internet Explorer icon.
2. Type the website address in the Address bar and click on Go button.
Let's Know More -- Each web page has an address known as URL(Uniform Resource Locator).
Search Engines
The search results are usually presented in a list may consist of web pages, images, information and other types of files. Some popular search engines are: Google, Opera, UCbrowser, Yahu etc
Let's remember some things on the internet
1. Internet is the largest network of computers in the world.
2. Internet is a vast resource of information.
3. Web pages collectively form a website.
4. Web server is a computer that stores Web pages and associated files of a website.
5. WWW stands for World Wide Web. It is a collection of websites all over the world.
6. Web browser is used to connect to internet to access information from a web server.
Brief History of internet
The Internet evolved from basic ideas of ARPANET for interconnecting computers, and was used by research organizations and universities initially to share and exchange information. In 1989, U.S. Government lifted restrictions on use of the Internet, and allowed it to be used for commercial purposes as well. It now interconnects more than 30,000 networks, allowing more than 10 million computers, and more than 50 million computer users in more that 150 countries around the world to communicate with each other.
Internet Services
Once we are connected to the Internet we have access to a wide range of online services.
E-mail :E-mail (electronic mail) continues to be one of the most popular Internet services. With the help of this facility we can send and receive messages, data files, audio/video files, etc. to a person far away in a short span of time. Using e-mail we can create, send, forward, print, delete, e-mail messages. Google's Gmail is popular e-mail program.
Mailing List : Mailing list is a group of people with similar interests. Their e-mail address are collected in a group is known by a single name. Whenever a person sends an e-mail everyone on the mailing list gets a copy of the e-mail. We can subscribe to a mailing list of out interest and then send and receive mails to/from the group.
Chatting : We can 'talk' to people over the Internet by writing text and reading it. This is called Chatting. To participate in a chat, we enter a Chat room. Once the chat is initiated, the user types text and it appears on the monitor of the person who is typing and also on the monitor of the person with whom the chat is going on.
Online Conferencing : These days we can take online classes, have reunion with out classmates, have official meetings with people who are far away, while sitting in the comfort of our homes or office through online conferencing or video conferencing. A lot of travel time an money is saved when people do not travel all the way way to far away places to conduct meetings.
There are several software like Go To Meeting, Adobe Connect, and Microsoft Live Meeting that can be use to meet up with people far away. Hardware requirements are microphone, speakers, an webcam. High speed Internet connection is also needed.
VoIP : VoIP stands for Voice over Internet Protocol.. It's a term used to describe any kind of online phone service. We can make free or inexpensive phone calls to almost anywhere in the world, using our computer. These services can be used as a replacement for traditional phones.
In order to make phone calls from calls from our computer, we need a microphone and speakers, or its better to have a headset with a microphone.
Internet Shopping (e-commerce)
We can buy anything from fresh vegetables to computers over the Internet. Customers like Internet shopping because.....
- The convenience of being able to browse and buy goods from our home.
- Stores are open 24 hours a day, every day of the year
- There is a wider range of choice - customers can access stores all over the world and buy things.
Business People like to set up shops over Internet because.....
Lower cost as no expensive retail stores and staff have to be set up.
Many more potential customers as there as people all over the globe who can access the online shop.
We can use the following websites for online shopping:
www..flipcart.com
www.snapdeal.com
www.ebay.in,etc.
Learning Online
Internet has many online learning opportunities available that allows us to gain higher education and learn new skills. And the great think about online education is that we can get an education according to your own schedule and can do it from the comfort of our own home.
Online course are flexible. Students can study the lessons and attempt quizzes at their own pace and convenience whenever they have time to spare. Students do not have to quit their jobs or other responsibilities to join a course. They can keep working at their day jobs and get education side by side.
Booking Tickets Online
Gone are the days when people had to stand in queues to get their movie, railway, air, bus tickets reserved. Now-a-days we can find our the availability of vacant sears and make reservations while sitting at our homes any time of the day. Online booking systems allow Internet users to check the availability and book things like:
- Theater, cinema, and concert tickets;
- Sears on coaches, trains, and aeroplanes ;
- Hotel rooms, etc.
For Indian Railways, we simply have to go to the website www.irctc.co.in.
For booking movie tickets online we can to the website: www.bookmyshow.com
Online Banking : Online banking allows us to do our banking activities from the comfort of our home or office over a mouse click. We can access our banking accounts with the bank anytime 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, from anywhere in the world.
Social Networking : For millions of people around the world, social networking is an important aspect of their lives. Social networking sites are online communities that let people come together, communicate and share things such as pictures, videos, Projects, etc. People find these sites great fun. Facebook, Twitter, and My space are some very popular social networks where an account can be created to be a part of the social network. There are numerous advantages of social networking. After every hour or so, people log onto Facebook, Twitter , and post their status update or communicate with friends. People can set up a profile page displaying information about themselves. The disadvantage of Social networking sites are that sometimes they are too addictive-people o not want to leave and keep gossiping with friends.
ITS Basic Services Internet
There are four types of services provided by the Internet to its users. These are described below.
Electronic Mail
Electronic mail service (known as e-mail in short) enables an internet user to send a mail (message) to another Internet user in any part of the world in a near-real-time manner. An e-mail message takes a few seconds to several minutes to reach its destination, because it travels from one network to another, Until it reaches its destination.E-mail service has many similarities with postal mail service. All Internet users have an e-mail address. just as all of us have a postal address. Each Internet user has a logical mailbox, just as each one of us has a mailbox in our house. When sending a mail to another user, a sender specifies the e-mail address of the receiver, just as we write postal address of the receiver of a post in postal mail system. E-mail service delivers an already sent mail into its receiver's mailbox. The receiver extracts the mail from his mailbox and reads it at his own convenient time, just as in a postal mail system. After reading the message, the receiver can save it, delete it, pass it to someone else, or respond by sending another message back.
Only restriction is that the data must be digitized, that is, converted to a computer-readable format.
As compared to paper mail, telephone, and fax many prefer e-mail because of its following advantages:
1. It is faster than paper mail.
2. Unlike telephone, the persons communicating need not be available at the same time.
3. Unlike fax documents, e-mail documents can be stored in a computer, and can be edited easily using editing programs.
File Transfer Protocol
1. A user executes the FTP command on his local computer, specifying address of the remote computer as a parameter.
2. An FTP Process running on user's computer (called FTP client Process) establishes a connection with an FTP Process running on remote computer (called FTP server Process).
3. The system then asks the user to enter his login name and password on the remote computer to ensure that the user is authorized to access the remote computer.
Telnet
Telnet service enables an Internet user to log in to another computer on the Internet from his local computer. That is, a user can execute the telnet command on his local computer to start a login session on a remote computer.
some common uses of telnet service are:
1. Using computing power of remote computer.
2. Using a software on remote computer. A software that a user wants to use may not be available on his computer.
3. Accessing remote computer's database or archive.
For example, if a user is attending a conference in another city and has access to a computer on the Internet, he can telnet to his own computer and read his electronic mails or access some information stored there.
Usenet News
Several such groups exist on the Internet in computer security issues.
The world wide web
Uses of the Internet details
Some important strategic uses of the Internet are:
1. On-line communication: Computer users around the world extensively use the e-mail service on the Internet to communicate with each other.
2. A few examples of such shareware tools are compilers. code libraries, mail servers, and operating systems. The free Software Foundation Provides a wealth of GNU Software tools on the Internet that can be downloaded free of charge. For more details on software tools sffered by the Free Software Foundation, you can anonymous fit to the Internet site prep.at.mit.edu, and look in the directory/pub/GNU.
4. Posting of information of general interest: Many users use the Internet as a large electronic bulletin board on which information of general interest can be posted to bring it Some such information include career opportunities, conference and event announcements, an calls for papers for conferences an journals.
5.There are many www sites on the Internet dealing with electronic versions of many journal and magazines.
6. On-line shopping: The Internet has also facilitated the introduction of a new market concept consisting of virtual shops.
7. the Internet allowing a group of users located around the globe to talk and with each. conferencing system. For information on CU-SeeMe, you can ftp to the Internet site gated.cornell.edu and look in the directory/pub/video/CU-SeeMe.
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